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dc.contributor.authorBobrowski-Khoury, Natasha
dc.contributor.authorRamaekers, Vincent T
dc.contributor.authorSequeira, Jeffrey M
dc.contributor.authorQuadros, Edward V
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-01T17:58:59Z
dc.date.available2023-03-01T17:58:59Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-24
dc.identifier.citationBobrowski-Khoury N, Ramaekers VT, Sequeira JM, Quadros EV. Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention. J Pers Med. 2021 Jul 24;11(8):710. doi: 10.3390/jpm11080710. PMID: 34442354; PMCID: PMC8398778.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2075-4426
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/jpm11080710
dc.identifier.pmid34442354
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12648/8412
dc.description.abstractFolate deficiency and folate receptor autoimmune disorder are major contributors to infertility, pregnancy related complications and abnormal fetal development including structural and functional abnormalities of the brain. Food fortification and prenatal folic acid supplementation has reduced the incidence of neural tube defect (NTD) pregnancies but is unlikely to prevent pregnancy-related complications in the presence of folate receptor autoantibodies (FRAb). In pregnancy, these autoantibodies can block folate transport to the fetus and in young children, folate transport to the brain. These antibodies are prevalent in neural tube defect pregnancies and in developmental disorders such as cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) syndrome and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the latter conditions, folinic acid treatment has shown clinical improvement in some of the core ASD deficits. Early testing for folate receptor autoantibodies and intervention is likely to result in a positive outcome. This review discusses the first identification of FRAb in women with a history of neural tube defect pregnancy and FRAb's association with sub-fertility and preterm birth. Autoantibodies against folate receptor alpha (FRα) are present in about 70% of the children with a diagnosis of ASD, and a significant number of these children respond to oral folinic acid with overall improvements in speech, language and social interaction. The diagnosis of folate receptor autoimmune disorder by measuring autoantibodies against FRα in the serum provides a marker with the potential for treatment and perhaps preventing the pathologic consequences of folate receptor autoimmune disorder.
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.relation.urlhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/8/710en_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectautism spectrum disordersen_US
dc.subjectbrain developmenten_US
dc.subjectfetal developmenten_US
dc.subjectfolate receptor alphaen_US
dc.subjectfolatesen_US
dc.subjectpregnancyen_US
dc.titleFolate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention.en_US
dc.typeArticle/Reviewen_US
dc.source.journaltitleJournal of personalized medicineen_US
dc.source.volume11
dc.source.issue8
dc.source.countrySwitzerland
dc.description.versionVoRen_US
refterms.dateFOA2023-03-01T17:59:00Z
html.description.abstractFolate deficiency and folate receptor autoimmune disorder are major contributors to infertility, pregnancy related complications and abnormal fetal development including structural and functional abnormalities of the brain. Food fortification and prenatal folic acid supplementation has reduced the incidence of neural tube defect (NTD) pregnancies but is unlikely to prevent pregnancy-related complications in the presence of folate receptor autoantibodies (FRAb). In pregnancy, these autoantibodies can block folate transport to the fetus and in young children, folate transport to the brain. These antibodies are prevalent in neural tube defect pregnancies and in developmental disorders such as cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) syndrome and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the latter conditions, folinic acid treatment has shown clinical improvement in some of the core ASD deficits. Early testing for folate receptor autoantibodies and intervention is likely to result in a positive outcome. This review discusses the first identification of FRAb in women with a history of neural tube defect pregnancy and FRAb's association with sub-fertility and preterm birth. Autoantibodies against folate receptor alpha (FRα) are present in about 70% of the children with a diagnosis of ASD, and a significant number of these children respond to oral folinic acid with overall improvements in speech, language and social interaction. The diagnosis of folate receptor autoimmune disorder by measuring autoantibodies against FRα in the serum provides a marker with the potential for treatment and perhaps preventing the pathologic consequences of folate receptor autoimmune disorder.
dc.description.institutionSUNY Downstateen_US
dc.description.departmentGraduate Studiesen_US
dc.description.degreelevelN/Aen_US
dc.identifier.journalJournal of personalized medicine


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