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    Testing restoration methods for Lake Ontario wetlands at a wetland scale

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    Journal of Great Lakes Research ...
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    Author
    Polzer, Eli L.
    Wilcox, Douglas A.
    Keyword
    Cattails
    Channel excavation
    Sedge/grass meadow
    Spoil mounds
    Typha control
    Wetland restoration
    Journal title
    Journal of Great Lakes Research Vol. 48
    Date Published
    2022
    
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12648/7961
    Abstract
    Sedges and grasses have a competitive advantage over cattails at higher elevations in Great Lakes wetlands where periodic low lake levels result in soils too dry to support cattails. Regulation of Lake Ontario water levels eliminated low lake-level years, resulting in cattail invasion. At a wetland scale at two Lake Ontario sites, we tested restoration methods by dredging channels through cattails, using spoil materials to create mounds suitable for sedge/grass growth, seeding mounds, and controlling cattails (T. glauca) using methods adapted from experimental studies. Soil moisture and subsidence of mound soils were monitored. Vegetation was sampled pre-restoration and in shoreline sedge/grass meadow, emergent, and mound zones for two years following implementation. Although spoil mounds decreased in elevation at both sites, soil moisture increased more at the site with greater subsidence. Mean percent cover and ramet counts of cattails were reduced in sedge/grass and emergent zones at both sites. Mounds with greater soil moisture held more cattails post-construction. Across years at both sites, Carex lacustris and Calamagrostis canadensis increased in the sedge/grass meadow zone with reduction in Typha; Calamagrostis increased on the mounds. Key factors affecting results were cattail litter and, on the mounds, a second year of seeding with in situ cold, moist stratification, as well as soil moisture related to subsidence. Recommendations for future restorations include conducting more detailed soil surveys to assess potential subsidence, dredging wider and deeper channels to provide spoil for higher mounds, actively controlling invasive species, and conducting additional years of post-restoration data collection. 2022 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.03.002
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.03.002
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    Environmental Science and Ecology Faculty Publications

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