Identifying the Motivational Factors for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities for Participating in Sport

Abstract

Opportunities for physical activity participation are limited in adults with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to identify the motivational factors for sports participation in 25 adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study also analyzed potential gender differences in the sample (18 males and 7 females). A pictorial measure was created, featuring a statement and a corresponding illustration that was then provided to the sample. Participant responses to each statement were recorded as “like me,” “a little like me” or “not like me.” The results showed the pictorial measure had acceptable reliability estimates using a test retest procedure. Most participants responded with agreement to the questionnaire indicating “like me” for the motivational items. Further, adults with ID are motivated by feeling good, practice, playing games, spending time with friends and more. Participation in sport due to parental influence was not as prominent in the sample as a motivating factor for adults with ID. Adults with ID participate in sport due to their own intrinsic motivators, or external motivators such as winning.