Self-Efficacy and Social Support: An Application of Social Cognitive Career Theory

Abstract

Self-efficacy is a driving force for motivation, conceived from agency. However, selfefficacy is not a one-dimensional concept that expresses itself uniformly across individuals. Rather, an individual’s sense of self-efficacy is impacted by contextual variables such as social support and economic means. This paper evaluates the multidimensionality of self-efficacy, along with its contributing factors and barriers. These concepts are then applied to research measuring pre- and post-test levels of selfefficacy and social support for women participating in a job-training program. Measurements are taken using the Self-Efficacy Scale (SES) and the Social Support Appraisals Scale (SSA). Descriptive statistics are used to analyze the data, however, results prove to be inconclusive due to the small sample size and high dropout rate of initial participants. The results are discussed in light of potential contributors to outcomes and recommendations are made for future research. This study concludes in support of the effectiveness of such a training program due to the history of participant successes and numerous supports in place for participants, despite the inability of this study’s numerical evidence to prove such a result.