Factors Affecting the Experiences of LGBT Students in Physical Education and Sport A Synthesis of the Research Literature

Abstract

The purpose of this synthesis was to examine the existing body of knowledge on factors affecting LGBT students’ participation in physical education and athletics. Previous research identified low levels of participation by the LGBT population in physical education and interscholastic athletics. The studies reviewed within the critical mass yielded factors which either encouraged or discouraged LGBT students and athletes to participate in physical education and athletics. The climate and environment, presence of interventions, safe spaces and openly “out” teammates were noted as factors which affected participation. While previous research notes that society has created a discriminatory environment for LGBT students and athletes, further research is needed to determine the necessary implications to address this issue. Future research should examine the effects of suggested interventions on the LGBT population.