Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Wood-Based Cationic Cellulose Nanocrystals as Potential Immunomodulators
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Imtiaz et al. - 2020 - Synthesis ...
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Author
Imtiaz, YushaTuga, Beza
Smith, Christopher W.
Rabideau, Alexander
Nguyen, Long
Liu, Yali
Hrapovic, Sabahudin
Ckless, Karina
Sunasee, Rajesh
Keyword
General Materials ScienceGeneral Chemical Engineering
cellulose nanocrystals
immunomodulator
synthesis
polymerization
characterization
cytotoxicity
Journal title
NanomaterialsDate Published
2020-08-15Publication Volume
10Publication Issue
8Publication Begin page
1603
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Polysaccharides have been shown to have immunomodulatory properties. Modulation of the immune system plays a crucial role in physiological processes as well as in the treatment and/or prevention of autoimmune and infectious diseases. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are derived from cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on the earth. CNCs are an emerging class of crystalline nanomaterials with exceptional physico-chemical properties for high-end applications and commercialization prospects. The aim of this study was to design, synthesize, and evaluate the cytotoxicity of a series of biocompatible, wood-based, cationic CNCs as potential immunomodulators. The anionic CNCs were rendered cationic by grafting with cationic polymers having pendant +NMe3 and +NH3 moieties. The success of the synthesis of the cationic CNCs was evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and elemental analysis. No modification in the nanocrystals rod-like shape was observed in transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses. Cytotoxicity studies using three different cell-based assays (MTT, Neutral Red, and LIVE/DEAD®) and three relevant mouse and human immune cells indicated very low cytotoxicity of the cationic CNCs in all tested experimental conditions. Overall, our results showed that cationic CNCs are suitable to be further investigated as immunomodulators and potential vaccine nanoadjuvants.Citation
Imtiaz, Y., Tuga, B., Smith, C. W., Rabideau, A., Nguyen, L., Liu, Y., Hrapovic, S., Ckless, K., & Sunasee, R. (2020). Synthesis and cytotoxicity studies of wood-based cationic cellulose nanocrystals as potential immunomodulators. Nanomaterials, 10(8), 1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10081603DOI
10.3390/nano10081603ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3390/nano10081603
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