Exploring Sphingolipid Metabolism: Focus on Serine Palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and Therapeutic Implications of Targeting SPTLC3

Abstract

Sphingolipids perform vital functions in diverse cellular processes and contribute significantly to the development and functionality of organs. This scientific review provides an overview of sphingolipid metabolism, focusing on the synthesis, degradation, and the role of key enzymes such as serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The synthetic pathway, which includes enzymes such as 3-ketosphinganine reductase and dihydroceramide desaturase, facilitates the generation of intricate sphingolipids from ceramide. Sphingolipid degradation, particularly within the lysosomal compartment, is essential for cellular homeostasis. The scientific review emphasizes the importance of SPT in regulating sphingolipid levels, with specific insights into its activity in different tissues. Furthermore, it delves into the role of SPT in the liver and provides an understanding of the architecture and function of SPTLC3. The paper concludes by highlighting the potential therapeutic implications of targeting SPTLC3 and the need for further research in this area.