Difficulties With Nonverbal Communication In Individuals With Autism Spectrum Differences

Abstract

This theoretical thesis explores the use and recognition of nonverbal communication in individuals with autism spectrum differences (ASD). This population often experiences challenges in social situations, and it is probable that some of these challenges stem from problems with the nonverbal communication. This paper explores studies that compare the performance of individuals with ASD to neurotypical individuals on receptive and expressive nonverbal communication – the ability to accurately interpret signals sent by others and the ability to express nonverbal signals such that others can accurately interpret those signals. Several nonverbal signaling channels are explored in this paper, including facial and vocal expressions of emotion, body movement and nods, as well as pointing gestures and eye gaze. Deficits in expressive and receptive nonverbal communication were noted for individuals with ASD in every study reviewed in this paper. The impact of these deficits on social competence is discussed, along with ideas for further research.