Mental Health Mediates the Association Between Gender-Based Violence and HIV Treatment Engagement in US Women
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Author
Conroy, Amy A.Jain, Jennifer P.
Sheira, Lila
Frongillo, Edward A.
Neilands, Torsten B.
Cohen, Mardge H.
Wilson, Tracey E.
Chandran, Aruna
Adimora, Adaora A.
Kassaye, Seble
Sheth, Anandi N.
Fischl, Margaret A.
Adedimeji, Adebola
Turan, Janet M.
Tien, Phyllis C.
Weiser, Sheri D.
Journal title
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromesDate Published
2022-02-01Publication Volume
89Publication Issue
2Publication Begin page
151Publication End page
158
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is associated with poorer engagement in HIV care and treatment. However, there is a dearth of research on the psychological (eg, mental health) and structural (eg, food insecurity) factors that mediate and moderate this association. GBV could lead to poor mental health, which in turn affects adherence, whereas food insecurity could worsen the effect of GBV on engagement in care. This study uses data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study to address these gaps. Methods: Women completed 6 assessments from 2013 to 2016 on GBV, mental health, food insecurity, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and missed HIV care appointments in the past 6 months. Multilevel logistic regression models estimated associations between GBV and engagement in care and whether associations were mediated by depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and moderated by food insecurity. Results: GBV was associated with higher odds of suboptimal adherence (adjusted odds ratio: 1.88; 95% confidence interval: 1.24 to 2.87) and missed appointments (adjusted odds ratio: 1.76; 95% confidence interval: 1.16 to 2.67). The association between GBV and adherence was mediated by depressive symptoms, GAD, and PTSD, accounting for 29.7%, 15.0%, and 16.5%, respectively, of the total association. The association between GBV and missed appointments was mediated by depression and GAD, but not PTSD, with corresponding figures of 25.2% and 19.7%. Associations did not differ by food insecurity. Conclusions: GBV is associated with suboptimal engagement in care, which may be explained by mental health. Interventions should address women's mental health needs, regardless of food insecurity, when improving engagement in HIV care.Citation
Conroy AA, Jain JP, Sheira L, Frongillo EA, Neilands TB, Cohen MH, Wilson TE, Chandran A, Adimora AA, Kassaye S, Sheth AN, Fischl MA, Adedimeji A, Turan JM, Tien PC, Weiser SD. Mental Health Mediates the Association Between Gender-Based Violence and HIV Treatment Engagement in US Women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2022 Feb 1;89(2):151-158. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002848. PMID: 34723926; PMCID: PMC8752473.DOI
10.1097/qai.0000000000002848ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1097/qai.0000000000002848
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International