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Controlled Spawning of Laboratory Reared Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) and Effect of Different Diets on Survival and Growth of the Fry
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1989-08-01
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Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were maintained through 2 generations under controlled environmental conditions (20-25°C; 16 h light: 8 h dark) in the Wet Laboratory at SUNY-Brockport. Fish were cultured in reuse systems; 2 units for adult fish (segregated by sex), 1-2 units for subadult fish and juveniles, and 1-2 units for breeding fish. Each unit consisted of a 244x61x30 em trough and a 0.07lt- m3 biological filter composed of 2.5-7.6 cm gravel and crushed oyster shells. Water flowed by gravity from the trough to the biofilter and was returned to the trough by a submersible pump, at a rate of 42-114 L/min. The reuse systems required less maintenance (5-10min/day/unit) and promoted better survival and growth than the 30 L static units also used to maintain fathead minnows. Consistent reproduction was usually obtained within 7 days after 4 males and 8 females were introduced to a breeding unit. Intracoelomic hormonal injection, with 10 IU Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, promoted earlier spawning and increased egg deposition. Feeding studies using 3 different prepared feeds, Artemia, and controls (no food) were run with < 24 h old fry and terminated after 30 days. Best survival (>86%) and growth were obtained with Artemia; survival with prepared feeds was poor (< 20%). There was no apparent benefit from combining Artemia and prepared feeds.
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A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences of the State University of New York College at Brockport in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Master of Science