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Kaplan, Paul H.
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Spring 2025
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2025
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9846_David_Whitmer.pdf
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The Four Horsemen of the Apocalpyse, a woodcut by Albrecht Dürer finished in 1498 amongst an image and text series labeled Apocalypsis cum Figuris. In this essay I explore the weapons and possibly that Dürer had inspiration from Classical ideals pertaining to the iconography of the Horsemen. Each of the Horsemen Conquest, War, Pestilence, and Death have weaponry similar to Roman gods and their attributions. Conquest with bow and crown, much like Apollo Roman god of the sun. War with with his sword as compared to Mars Roman god of war. Pestilence's attribute of a scale is common amongst Dürer oeuvre, and is seen as an attribute of Mercury, messenger of the gods. And finally, Death's attribute of a pitchfork can be seen to represent two Roman gods, Neptune god of the sea, and Pluto god of the Underworld. I further discuss how these Roman deities are used as a metaphor to the ideology of the Catholic religion. These Four Horsemen, if they are Roman deities represent that the end of the Catholic religion and the reign of the older gods is equivalent to the end of the world; the Apocalypse.
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